Integrating Bioenergetic and Foraging Behavior: The Physiological Ecology of Larval Cod
Integrating Bioenergetic and Foraging Behavior: The Physiological Ecology of Larval Cod Books
Product Description
This is a OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA report procured by the Pentagon and made available for broadcast release. It has been reproduced in the best form available to the Pentagon. It is not spiral-bound, but rather assembled with Velobinding in a soft, white linen cover. The Storming Media report number is A754524. The abstract provided by the Pentagon follows: How do larval cod, Gadus morhua, balance foraging effort hostile to the high cost of swimming in a viscous hydrodynamic regime? A respirometry system was developed to measure the activity metabolism of individual larvae. The cost of swimming was modeled as a power-performance relationship (energy expenditure as a function of swimming speed) and as the cost of transport (the cost to travel a given distance). The cost of transport was high relative to juvenile and adult fish, but larvae swam more efficiently as they grew and became better able to overcome viscous drag. A large-volume observation system was developed to record foraging behavior in three dimensions. There are two phases of the saltatory search cycle used by larval cod: the burst which serves to position larvae within a new search volume and the pause when larvae search for prey. Burst characteristics did not exchange below different prey treatments, but pause duration increased even as foraging capacity and swimming activity decreased when prey were absent. Longer pause durations may possibly reflect greater effort to visually administer each search volume when prey were trying to find. Reduced swimming activity may possibly also be an energy conservation strategy below unfavorable foraging conditions. By applying the cost of swimming develop to the experimental swimming intensity of freely foraging larvae, foraging activity was estimated to account for up to 80% of routine metabolism. A trophodynamic develop was developed incorporating experimental foraging behavior and swimming expenditure to estimate the prey density required to cover all metabolic demands.
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